Core Operational Standards For Physics Laboratory Instruments

Power-up and Startup Sequence
Strictly adhere to the general electrical safety principle: "Connect wiring before applying power; disconnect power before detaching wiring." For systems comprising multiple units, the startup sequence should follow the order of "from periphery to core, and from power source to load"-specifically, activate auxiliary equipment (such as cooling water circulators or air sources) first, and then switch on the power for the main instrument. The shutdown sequence proceeds in the reverse order. After powering up, observe the instrument's self-diagnostic process to ensure it proceeds normally, and check for any unusual noises or odors.

Parameter Setting and Adjustment Methods
When adjusting instrument parameters, follow the principles of "coarse adjustment before fine adjustment" and "qualitative assessment before quantitative measurement." For instance, when adjusting the optical path of an optical instrument, first locate the approximate position of the light spot using a white screen or a coarse adjustment mechanism, and then use the fine-tuning knob to achieve precise alignment. When changing the measurement range of an electrical instrument, estimate the magnitude of the signal being measured and step down gradually from the highest range setting to prevent overloading the meter. All adjustments should be performed gently and smoothly; never apply brute force. If resistance is encountered, immediately stop and investigate the underlying cause.

Data Recording and Real-time Observation
During experiments, cultivate the habit of recording data in real time. Recorded content should encompass not only the measured data but also key instrument settings (such as voltage range, scan rate, magnification, etc.), environmental conditions (such as room temperature and humidity), and any observed anomalies. Data records must strictly adhere to standard units and appropriate significant figures. During dynamic measurements, closely monitor the trends displayed on the instrument to assess whether the data is reasonable and stable.